Can one be moral without believing in God or at least in something, some unknown power that gives permanent significance to what we do? It sure seems one can be a good person without any such belief, somebody who is a good neighbour who doesn't lie to you or try to hurt you and who behaves decently. Someone who, by and large, does the right thing. Yet can one actually believe that actions are good or bad in themselves or that it really matters what we do and what we don't do without some kind of faith? If there is no God, just an unfeeling universe, if there's nothing and nobody that cares what we do, so that in the long run it doesn't make any difference what we do or don't do because it will all go to hell anyway (humanity will go extinct, or the sun will explode, or something else will happen that will destroy all traces of our existence), then it seems pointless to try to do the right thing. Because there is no right thing, and because no matter what we do, the result will always be the same: we are dead, and everyone else is too. All in vain. In order to be moral, deliberately moral, and not just accidentally so, we need to believe that it matters what we do, that it makes a difference, not just now and in relation to our present, transient interests and concerns, but absolutely. That there are more important things than our own existence and well-being. But what could there be more important than that if there are no permanent achievements, nothing that might actually change the course of the world?I'm an atheist, but I share some of the intuitions that seem to inform the faith of religious people. I don't believe in God, but I do believe that things matter, and I'm trying to understand how that is possible and what it means. That is the reason why I'm currently organising, in collaboration with the theologian Nigel Biggar, a conference in Oxford on the question whether morality needs religion. The conference will take place at the MCDONALD CENTRE FOR THEOLOGY, ETHICS & PUBLIC LIFE and will run from 10.30am on 16 May to 1.00pm on 17 May. The cost is £50 (£30 for students), including lunch. There will be an optional dinner in the Great Hall on Thursday evening. Limited space available. If you want to attend the conference or simply find out more about it, here's a link to the respective website: www.mcdonaldcentre.org.uk
Well, I would say that morality once needed religion, when humans were less aware of the concept. Today, morality has moved beyond religion. Morality now seems to have acquired its own momentum. Also, religions have lost much of their moral authority because of past bad behaviour on their part.
ReplyDeleteIn the past religions of different stripes had their own morality, most often preaching to their own and thus keeping the world divided. Today's world can't afford that, thus the mediocre role religions have been relegated to. Today, a world morality is developing, one that religions can only be subservient to and follow rather than create. Science has also add to the downward influence of religion.
Religions today are more a support mechanism for getting through the day than moral deciders.
Michael,
ReplyDeleteI am hoping you will someday write a critic of Ayn Rand's moral philosophy, Objectivism. Perhaps you will do one of your book reports on her book "Atlas Shrugged".
I don't think so. I'm afraid I don't feel the slightest inclination to concern myself with the writings of Ayn Rand.
DeleteI wouldn't read her stuff either. Nevertheless, I think a moralist philosopher like yourself should comment on her moral philosophy. After all, her moral philosophy of Objectivism is quite mainstream and 'in your face'.
ReplyDeleteYes, I guess that makes sense. It's astonishing actually how mainstream her philosophy seems to be, even some of my students here in Britain occasionally cite her. I find her simply obnoxious. But in order to analyse her outlook properly or even to say anything about it that is worth saying, I'd have to spend more time on it than I currently have or at least more than I'm currently willing to spend on it. But thanks for the tip!
DeleteFor a start, I found this a very interesting BBC documentary that included her:http://www.filmsforaction.org/watch/bbc_all_watched_over_by_machines_of_loving_grace/
ReplyDelete